Doctor Faustus by Christopher Marlowe

#Thinking Activity
••> Doctor Faustus by Christopher Marlowe
.    

Key Points about Christopher Marlowe.

• Christopher Marlowe was born in Canterbury , England. His date of birth is not known but he was baptised on 26 - Febuary - 1564 , the same year as William Shakespeare, who rose to become the pre-eminent Elizabethan playwright after Marlowe's mysterious early death.
• Marlowe was an English playwright, poet and translator of the Elizabethan era. Marolwe's play's are known for the use of blank verse and their over reaching protogonists. Marlowe's​ was the foremost Elizabethan tragedian of his day. 
• Marlowe attended The King's School in Canterbury , and Corbus Christi College at Cambridge University received degrees in 1584 and 1587. His degree was awarded for his "faithful dealing" and "good service" to the Queen , specified by Council but it's letter to the Cambridge Authorities.
Marlow using Early Modern English language in his plays or writing. He was wrote such a great notable work like, 

• Marlowe's first play performed on the regular stage in London , in 1587, was Tamburlaine the Great, about the conqueror ,  Timur (Tamerlane), who rises from shepherd​ to warlord. Tamburlaine was a success and was followed with Tamburlaine and great Part 2 . 

• One another play Edward the Second  is an English history play about the preposition of King Edward II by his barons and the Queen , who resent the undue influence the King's favourite have in court and state affairs. The play register on 6-July-1593, five week's after Marlowe's death. In this play that Edward the second , King of England , with the tragical fall of Proud Mortimer.

• The Marlowe's first published as the famous tragedy of the rich The Jew of Malta. This play about The Jew Baraba's barbarous revenge against the city authorities dilivered by a character representing Machiavelli.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Marlowe

https://www.sparknotes.com/lit/doctorfaustus/summary/

Respected Sir, 
Here is my answer ........

 Question - 1 
 The play directed by Matthew Dunster for Globe theater ends with this scene ... What does it signify?

Answer - 1 

   •                     HEAVEN OR HELL 
                       BECOME A REALITY 
                       AT  THE CLIMATE [ END ]
                       OF THE PLAY "DR. FAUSTUS."
    
    •        We're all in the same game just 
             different levels. Dealing with the 
             same Hell, just different Devils.
• This is picture about the Lucifer. This is the last seen of Dr. Faustus . Doctor Faustus written by Christopher Marlowe . In this play Faustus call Devil and than he gives his soul to devil. This is the story about the scholar Dr. Faustus and that was the tragedy about the scholar. 

• This picture shows his success on God. Lucifer wins against God. His wide wings shows his power and self-esteem , and also the expression of Lucifer of his victory. 
In this picture , this is the last seen of the play. In that play Lucifer won v/s god because he win Dr. Faustus soul and taking Dr. Faustus in last . And so the Lucifer show his victory in last with wide wings.

Question - 2 

Is God present in the play? If yes, where and how? If No, why?

Answer - 2
• Some time god is present and some time god not present in this play.
• I think God was present in this play because Good Angle and Old Man also come to save Dr. Faustus.
• Christopherote many play , but in this play Marlowe wrote about the scholar person Dr. Faustus.
   •          "Good Angle was a symbol "
  •           "Old man also a good person
                Comes for stop Dr. Faustus 
                Because he was going on wrong 
                Way so he come and stop Dr. 
                 Faustus." 

•             "Chorus was also a good person 

                In this play. He also indirectly                       tell Dr. Faustus to stop this and                     do right things and use his                             power of knowledge on right                         way."

 • I noted good angle was told many time to Dr FAUSTUS about his wrong way. Her voice consious some time and she told spiritually​ about his wrong path.
• Old man also come and told he can't kisses Helen because God condones him and he can't going in heaven.
• Chours also a good person he also helps Dr. Faustus.
•        "Religious things stop the Spirit."
And also Mephistophilis indirectly told Dr. Faustus you are going wrong way.


Question - 3 

3) What reading and interpretation can be given to this image (see the image of Daedalus and Icarus) with reference to central theme of the play Dr. Faustus?

Answer - 3 

•              " This is the image of two 

                   Greek mythological character

                   The father Daedalus and

                    his son Icarus." 

•    In this picture son fall down on earth.

     And father can't do anything

     Because he fall on his own deeds.

                

•                This is the story of Dr. Faustus 
                 refered to one story of Greek 
                  Mythology " Myth of lcarus." 

• In this picture son fall down because he cross his limits of flying , he was don't listen anyone and go up with his ego and self-esteem and so he fall down with high high. He fall down because his covetousness

, Over pride on his self, with warth , lechery, sloth ,etc things hinder to him . 

• Icarus was not satisfied with what he had and he try to reach beyond his limits.When he goes closer to the sun wax melting and he fell into the sea.

     Moral of the picture /story.

••                  Every thing has a limit ,

                    Even Attitude has a limit,

                    Too much Attitude is bad , 

                    Just try to be the real You.

••                  If you are going to Doubt,
                     Than Doubt your Limits...

••                  The difference between
                     Stupidity and genius is that 
                     Genius has its Limits....
                                                                 - Unknown

Question - 4

How do you interpret this painting?

Answer - 4 

This is painting about "the Nature" and about the " landscape​." This painting painted by Pieter Bruegel The Elder.

In this picture three people on land scape and one person in the water, and that last person was dipped in water. 

People busy with their own work they can't show the dipped person. In that picture shows Ego, self-esteem. In that picture 3 person stand up different hight but anyone don't show the person or that side, who dipped in water.

One person he was very nearer person to that person but he was busy with catch the fish and he can't show that side . This is the symbol of "priority."

Second person was shepherd , he also busy to show sky and with his animals and he also can't show that side and he can't save that person. That shows "Ignoring" 

And third person the farmer was very high but he was busy to plough to farm. And that symbols Importance of work , selfish society.

Question - 5 

Read this article by Bhagat Singh. In light of the arguments made by Bhagat Singh in this article, can you re-write last monologue of Doctor Faustus?

Answer - 5

• Bharat Singh was strong and powerful Athirst. Bhagat Singh was not bilived in God, he was also a strong Atheism in God. 

• He told in his article " I did not give up my belief in God after these incidents.( Delhi bombing and Lahore conspiracy case).

• One other Atheist say that " You may believe in him when you feel like it." - comrade Sachindra Nath Sanyal

• If we change place of the character of Dr. Faustus on Bhagat Singh. Last monologue would be very different from real text. Let's show that interesting monologue of Dr. Faustus.

• [ The Clock Strikes the Half-hour] 

• Bhagat Singh :- Oh.! Lucifer take my soul fast , I can't pray for my deeds to God. I know what I do and so I can't repant for my deeds. I request to Lucifer and Mephistophilis take my soul and fast go away to hell. I always pray to God because I'm an atheist. Oh.! Lucifer and Mephistophilis take my soul fast and enlarge my your Kingdom oh hell from God. I will never end my quest for knowledge , take my things, take my all books of Laibrary with us. Because I will go in laibrary for fulfill my quest of knowledge . I will return Oh.! Lucifer .. Oh.! Mephistophilis I will return.

Question - 6 

Summarise articles discussed in the class:

• Marlowe and God: Tragic Theology of Dr. Faustus
• This is written by Robert Ornstein. Robert Ornstein wrote about the atheism of Marlowe' and described spiritual machiners of God and devil. In this Robert Ornstein was not bilived much in God he was also not believe in devil. Because he bilive in devil that means he strongly believe in God. He was strongly believe in him self. Ornstein has taken the reference of Faustbook to raise arguments about plot structure.he was writing this play , the author is doing his own catharsis. Marlowe's life was full of believe in God , devinity , controversies. In this young age, the fiery passion he has got, is unbearable to him, that is called Marlovian Enthusiasm. Faustus was a great Character of Marlow.

•

• Myth, Psychology and Marlowe's Doctor Faustus

Answer

This is written by Kenneth L. Golden. He was wrote in this theory about psychology , Myth , and Archetypes given by Carl Jung. In this article Carl Jung talk about Marlowe's character on Dr. Faustus. He was the great scholar in his book. And he wants​ to fulfill his quest of knowledge. Dr. Faustus basic concepts of life and health was not fulfill and his imagination of God and Devil. We can show about Faustus " Swollen with cunnins of a self - conceit." In this book many dailouges taken deep meaning of Myth and Psychology. And in last of this , many changes comes in behaviour of Dr. Faustus is called equivalent.

Vinod Joshi - Sairendri

# Thinking Activity 

# Sairendhri by Vinod Joshi.

  🙏🏻 નમસ્તે વાચક મિત્રો...

# આ બ્લોગ માં હું વાત કરીશ ગુજરાતી ભાષા ના આધુનિક કવિ  રચિત પ્રબંધ કાવ્ય  ની. કાવ્ય મહાભારતના વિરાટપર્વ આધારિત છે. વિનોદ જોશી ની સૈરેનદ્રી મહાભારતની દ્રોપદી કરતા અનેક વાર જુદી છે. આ કથા વિનોદ જોશીએ મહાભારતથી લખી.કથા વિનોદ જોશીએ મહાભારતથી લખી છે, તે ખૂબ જ સંપાદન છે. મહાભારતની દ્રોપદી વિનોદ જોશી ની સૈરેદ્રી કરતા ખૂબ જ જુદી છે. જેમાં વાત કરી છે પોતાની મૂળ ઓળખ ગુમાવીને જીવી રહેલી પાંચાલી, દ્રૌપદી અને સૈરન્ધ્રી ની. કવિ વિનોદ જોશીએ આ કાવ્ય તેમના ઓસ્ટ્રેલિયા પ્રવાસ દરમ્યાન લખ્યું છે. SBS ગુજરાતી ના જેલમ હાર્દિક સાથે કવિ વિનોદ જોશી ના સંવાદ ના અંશો અહીં લિંક માં પ્રસ્તુત છે. ઇન્ટરવ્યૂ સાંભળવા માટે અહીં ક્લિક કરો.

# વિનોદ જોશીના કાવ્યો ગ્રામીણ જીવન ની છબીઓ થી ભરેલા હોય છે. તેઓ મુખ્યત્વે તેમના સાહિત્યમાં ગુજરાતી સ્ત્રીઓ નું ચિત્રણ કરતા રહે છે. તેમની કવિતાના પ્રકૃતિઓ માં તીવ્ર સ્ત્રીત્વ , એકાંત , સામાજિક દરજ્જો અને રોજિંદા વાસ્તવિકતા વગેરે અનેક પ્રકારની છબીઓ જોવા મળે છે.

# મહાભારત ના વિરાટ પર્વ નો ટૂંક સાર.
# આ કથા મહાભારત કરતા ઘણી જુદી છે. મહાભારત માં દ્રોપદી ને એક એવી સ્ત્રી દેખાડવામાં આવેલ છે કે જે ખૂબ જ મુશ્કેલી માં હોય છે અને એમને બીજાની જરૂર પડે છે કોઈ પણ કામ કરવામાં અને તેઓ એક કુંવરી ની જેમ રહેતા હોય છે. પરંતુ જયારે પાંડવો રમત માં હારી જાય છે ત્યારે તેઓ ને રાજ - પાઠ છોડી ને ચૌદ વર્ષ માટે વનવાસ જવાનું હોય છે અને ત્યાર બાદ ચૌદ માં વરસે તેઓ ને છૂપાઈ ને રહેવાનું હોય  છે અને એમને કોઈ શોધી ના શકે એવી જગ્યા પર રહેવાનું હોય છે. અને જો એમને કૌરવો આ વર્ષ દમિયાન શોધી લેસે તો ફરી ચૌદ વર્ષ તેઓ ને વનવાસ જવું પડશે. 

# તેથી પાંડવો વનવાસ પૂરો થવાના સમયે અજ્ઞાત વાસ માં રહેતા હતા. અને ત્યારે જ દ્રોપદી એ સૈરેંધરી બની ને રહેતા હતા. ત્યાં તેઓ વિરાટ રાજા ના રાણી સુદેષણા ની દાસી બની ને રહેતા હતા અને એક જ મહેલ માં રહેવા છતાં તેઓ પાંડવો ને મળી શકતી નથી. અને તેઓ કોણ છે તેની કોઈ ને ખબર પણ પડવા દીધી ના હતી. ત્યારે તેઓ એ પોતાનું નામ સૈરેંધ્રી પડ્યું હતું. 

# વિનોદ જોશી ની સૈરેંધ્રિ નો ટૂંકસાર , કર્ણ ને પ્રેમ કરતી દ્રોપદી....
# પરંતુ વિનોદ જોશી ના સૈરેન્ધ્રી મહાભારત માં સૈરેંદ્રી કરતા ઘણા જુદા છે. કવિ વિનોદ જોશી કહે છે મારી સૈરન્ધ્રી મહાભારતકાર થી જુદી છે. આ પ્રબંધ કાવ્ય માં કવિએ શૃંગાર રસ નો પણ ઉપયોગ કર્યો છે. અને પાંડવો ની પત્ની એવી દ્રૌપદી ને કર્ણ પ્રત્યે મોહિત થતી બતાવી છે. કવિએ  દ્રૌપદી ના આ સ્વરૂપ વિષે એટલા માટે વાત કરી છે કારણકે સૈરન્ધ્રી નું વ્યક્તિત્વ લગભગ દરેક મનુષ્ય ને સ્પર્શે છે.  કવિ કહે છે કે આપણે બધા જ ક્યાંક ને ક્યાંક આપણી મૂળ ઓળખ છુપાવી રહ્યા છીએ. 

# વિનોદ જોશી જણાવે છે કે તે અગ્નિ કન્યા છે અને ઓજસંવતી સ્ત્રી છે, તે લુપ્ત થતી નથી પરંતુ તેને પોતાના વ્યકિતત્વ ને યાતના પૂર્વક દબાવ્યું હશે. તે કોઈ ને પણ પોતાની વાત કરી સકતા નથી , પરંતુ જ્યારે તેઓ દ્રોપદી હતા ત્યારે તેમની મદદ માટે કૃષ્ણ , ભીમ , અર્જુન બધા જ હાજર રહેતા પણ હાલ તેઓ તેમને મળી સકતા નહિ અને કોઈ ને પણ કંઈ કહી સકતા નહિ.

# મહાભારત માં પાંડવો એક જ નહિ પરંતુ કર્ણ પણ પાંડવો ની જેમ પોતાની ઓળખ છૂપાવી ને રહેતો હોય છે. દ્રોપદી ની જેમ કર્ણ પણ ઓળખ છૂપાવી ને રહે છે. કર્ણ પણ સૈરન્ધ્રી ની જેમ પોતાની મૂળ ઓળખ છુપાવી રહ્યો છે. દ્રૌપદી એ કર્ણ ને પોતાને પ્રેમ કરવા યોગ્ય માન્યો છે. જયારે અર્જુન તેની બીજી પસંદગી છે. કવિએ અહીં કર્ણ ના વ્યક્તિત્વ નું અદભુત વર્ણન કર્યું છે. જયારે દ્રૌપદી નો સ્વયંવર યોજાય છે અને તે જયારે કર્ણને પ્રથમ વખત જુએ છે ત્યારે મનમાં જે પહેલી નજર માં જ ઉભી થાય છે તેનો આસ્વાદ અહીં કવિના શબ્દો માં માણીએ.

વક્ષવિશાળ ભુજા બળશાળી, નેત્રે વિદ્યુત ચમક નિરાળી

તત્ક્ષણ મોહિત થઇ પાંચાલી, વરણ કરી નિજ મનમાં મ્હાલી.

સર્વ નૃપાલ સ્વયંવર માણે, હતો કર્ણ નિર્હેતુક જાણે

સ્થાન હતું એને મન ઉત્તમ, કરવા કોઈ અનન્ય પરાક્રમ.

દ્રષ્ટિ સહેજ સ્પર્શીને સરકી, પાંચાલી નખશીખ ગઈ  થરકી,

રહી બાહુબલી નરને જોતી, તરત પરોવ્યાં મોતી.

વજ્રદેહની અદભુત કાન્તિ, વિલસે વદન પરમ વિશ્રાંતિ

પ્રતિપળ ઉદ્યત પુંસક ભાસે, યથાપૂર્ણ આદિત્ય ઉજાસે.

મન્મથ મત્ત વિભાવે મોહે, ઓષ્ઠકંપ અનુભાવે સોહે,

ફરકે લજ્જા ઉચ્છલ અંગે, જાણે હળવી થાપ મૃદંગે.

લીધો તરત મનોમન સેવી, કરી કામના કરવા જેવી,

પૂર્ણ થઇ ગઈ સર્વ સમીક્ષા, આજ પુરુષ ની હતી પ્રતીક્ષા.

# ખોટ અને ઓળખ 

સામાન્ય રીતે આપણે જાણીએ છીએ કે માણસ કંઈ પણ થાય પણ પોતાની ઓળખ ક્યારેય છુપાવતા નથી. આ કાવ્ય એ ઓળખ છૂપાવી ને રહેવા પર લખાયેલું છે. અને આ કાવ્ય ની સૈરેન્ધ્રિ એ મહાભારત ની દ્રુપદ રાજા ની પુત્રી દ્રોપદી , પાંડવો ના પત્ની પાંચાલી , કૃષ્ણ ની મિત્ર કૃષ્ણા કરતા સાવ જ જુદા છે. પરંતુ લોકો જ્યારે પોતાની ઓળખ છુપાવે છે ત્યારે તેમની કાંઈક મહત્ત્વકાંક્ષા હોય છે. અત્યારના સમયમાં ઓળખ છુપાવી એ આસાન હતો પરંતુ હાલના સમયમાં સરકાર દ્વારા ઘણા બધા એવા નિયમો લાગુ પાડવામાં આવ્યા છે જેનાથી તમે પોતાની ઓળખ છુપાવી શકતા નથી. સરકાર દ્વારા આધારકાર્ડ ચૂંટણી કાર્ડ વગેરે જેવા ઘણા બધા કાર્ડ બનાવવામાં આવ્યા છે જેથી માણસ પોતાની ઓળખ છુપાવી શકતો નથી. લોકો પોતાની ઓળખ શામાટે છુપાવે છે? લોકો પોતાની ઓળખ છુપાવવા માટે ઘણું બધું કરતા હોય છે અને આ સ્પષ્ટ રીતે કહીએ તો માણસ પોતાની ઓળખ છુપાવવા માટે મૃત્યુને પસંદ કરે છે. આ કાવ્યમાં તેઓ પોતાની ઓળખ છુપાવે છે પરંતુ દ્રોપદી આ કાવ્યમાં પોતાનાથી અલગ થઈને પોતાની મુળ ઓળખ અને વ્યક્તિગત ઓળખ છુપાવીને રહે છે. મહાભારતમાં તેમની ઓળખ ને લઈને ઉઠતા સવાલો અને તેઓ પોતાની ઇચ્છા વ્યક્ત કરતા નથી. અને તે સાથે તે પોતાની ઓળખ ની પણ સ્વરક્ષણ કરતા નથી અને મહાભારતમાં તેઓ ભીમ , કૃષ્ણ , અર્જુન વગેરે પાત્ર પર નિર્ભર રહે છે. પરંતુ વિનોદ જોશી ના સૈરેંદ્રિ કોઈ પર નિર્ભર રહેતા નથી.

સંદર્ભ : SBS સાથે થયેલી વાતચીત માંથી ....

Plato and Aristotle theory

Question 1
How far do you agree with Plato’s objection to freedom of expression and artistic liberty enjoyed by creative writers? Name the texts (novels, plays, poems, movies, TV soaps etc which can be rightfully objected and banned with reference to Plato’s objections)

Answer 1
Describe to this question Plato was the guru [Teacher] of the Aristotle . Plato , he has been called the "Father of Western Philosophy". Aristotle's writings cover many subjects including physics, biology,   zoology, metaphysis, logic,ethics, aesthetic ,  portry, theatre, music, rhetoric, psychology, linguistics, economics, politics and government. Some time Plato was right with his idea because in some novel ,book , poetry , etc. things have much more critical idea and melodrama.  Plato gives criticism on books and he wrote many things on the books. Plato wrote on poetry and he also wrote about nature and imagination and he was against the poetry and he wrote many thing in poetry. But he also wrote on Novel , plays , poems, movies, TV soaps etc. In this question I wrote about the Othello . Othello was grate tragedy written by the grate  writer Shakespeare. In last the main character Othello killed his wife Desdemona and than he kill his-self. Othello is the great tragedy. In this book and Plato's objection and his freedom of expression was the banned with that objection of Plato don't like much more myths, melodrama , family drama, hate , use of other , unfaithfulness etc things he can't like so that book Othello banned with the Plato's objection and Plato also don't like poetry also. So with the Plato's theory that book was banned and because in this book in last main character Othello killed himself and his wife , but Othello killed his wife own his hand than he killed himself and this book have tragic end .
 

Question 2
With reference to the literary texts you have studied during B.A. programme, write brief note on the texts which followed Aristotelian literary tradition (i.e. his concept of tragedy, catharsis, tragic hero with hamartia etc)

Answer 2
With the idea ( reference ) of first question Plato was the great writer and he wrote such a great rules about the books , poetry , movies, novel, etc,. things for he gave rules and he critisize many books and movies and etc,. with this rules and many critics also critisize many things with Plato's rules. Plato give many objection against novel , poetry, movies , etc,. things. In this book have everything like song,  music ,fun , cheat , hate ,love , emotions, logic, psychology, linguistics etc,. In our study's​ we study a grate writer Shakespeare. He wrote many good books and his one best book Othello. Othello was the grate tragedy and that was written by Shakespeare. In this play in last main character Othello killed himself and before his suside he killed​ his own wife Desdemona. In Othello his best friend Iago cheat him and his wife and last Iago's wife Emilia told everything to Othello and than she go. Than Othello feel unhappy and blame himself and than he killed himself and he do suside with his own wife his love. And before this Iago killed Cassio by Roderigo and that was also tragic seen in this novel. And in last Othello kill himself. And play have very tragic end.

Question 3
  With reference to the literary texts you have studies during B.A. programme, write brief note on the texts which did NOT follow Aristotelian literary tradition. (i.e. his concept of tragedy, catharsis, tragic hero with hamartia etc.)

Answer 3
In our B.A. we studied many Novel,  poetry , plays , and we show movie and TV . In this all studied we study a Play of Shakespeare was Othello. That is the grate tragedy and that was written very well. But with Plato's objection in this book he have many thing was unrealistic and unlike by Plato. Plato hate melodrama , family drama, poetry, music, unfaithfulness, break trust , etc., thing he can't like in the book . He was very clear​ about the idea of play and give many good things. Plato think that all things divert us and we do that type of drama in our life. So in the Hollywood director don't use many song , many melodrama, many emotions but he focused on his work and they do work vary hard and do good work. In Othello have very tragic end in last of the play because Othello killed himself and before his suside he killed his own wife Desdemona because he think Desdemona was not faithful to Othello so Othello killed his wife and than hi kill himself. And so the play have very tragic end.

Question 4
Have you studied any tragedies during B.A. programme? Who was/were the tragic protagonist/s in those tragedies? What was their ‘hamartia’?

Answer 4
We studied many Novel,  poetry , plays , and we show movie and TV . In this all studied we study a play of Shakespeare was Othello. That is the grate tragedy and that was written very well. Plato give many objection against novel , poetry, movies , etc,. things. In this book have everything like song,  music ,fun , cheat , hate ,love , emotions, logic, psychology, linguistics etc,.Othello killed himself and before his suside he killed​ his own wife Desdemona. In Othello his best friend Iago cheat him and his wife and last Iago's wife Emilia told everything to Othello and than she go. In Othello have very tragic end in last of the novel because Othello killed himself and before his suside he killed his own wife Desdemona because he think Desdemona was not faithful to Othello so Othello killed his wife and than hi kill himself. And so the play have very tragic end. Othello was the protagonist of the novel 'Othello'. He killed many people but he was the main character of the play . He also killed his own wife in the interval of the play and than he knows about all right things from Desdemona's maid Emilia. She was Iago's wife and Iago do everything and he have rank of captain and he have in last . And than Othello killed him self in the last and than play complete with the tragic end.

5. Did the ‘Plot’ of those tragedies follow necessary rules and regulations proposed by Aristotle? (Like chain of cause and effect, principle of probability and necessity, harmonious arrangement of incidents, complete, certain magnitude, unity of action etc)

Answer 5
Plato was the grate philosopher. He was given many objection against poetry and he wrote many thing again poetry . Aristotle was the student of Plato and he wrote poetics. Othello have grate plot and he bounds his reader till the end of the book. Plato given many thing about this all things and he gives many objection about the play and in last of this paly the main character Othello know about all the things and he feel guilty and he feel helpless and he was killed him self in the last of this play.

Renaissance Literature

Question-1
Compare and Contrast characteristics of Renaissance age with other ages.

Answer-1
Renaissance are more important in that age that was beginning of the modern era and that have many changes in that ages. The Renaissance was an artistic and cultural movement , which lasted roughly between the 14th and 17th centuries. 
The middle ages is a period defined as lasting from the end of the ancient world of the beginning of the early modern era. The middle ages were a time of abject societal feudalism and serfdom. The Renaissance was a time of enlightenment divine , inspiration and human spirit unleashed.

While the uncertain most historians would date this from roughly AD 500 To 1500. The corresponding roughly to the destruction of the Western Roman Empire and also a corresponding to the destruction of the eastern Roman Empire and Columbus's first voyage.

History is the story of a multitude of individual, each living as rich and varied an colourful a life as all of us today, and societies in the past were every bit as complex as our own."Renaissance" refers to an era of increased cultural activity , including , but not limited to , innovation in literature , painting, sculpture, architecture, philosophy, and  education.

The thousands years of period we call the Middle ages that was the full of marvellous inventions and discoveries and European society changed dramatically. The most famous Renaissance, which was marked by a bunch of rich people who were ancient Greece and Rome fanboys spending lots of money on paintings, statues buildings, and poetry that they thought mimiched ancient art.

In that time period starts (rise) many university, printing press, enthusiasm, etc. The Renaissance could not have happened without the development of the Mediaeval period infact, the Renaissance began on the 14th century well, within the middle ages.

Other examples of mediaeval Renaissance include the Macedonian Renaissance, the northern Renaissance,bthe Carolingian Renaissance , and , my personal favourite, the twelfth century Renaissance.

All developments of early modernity, thought it's scholars and artists liked to harken back to the glories of classical Antiquity, were but an out growth of a process that began a lot earlier. The Renaissance is a classical temple built on gothic foundations.